Functions as a coenzyme in the form of FAD and FMN, essential in redox reactions, energy metabolism, and glutathione regeneration. Supports tissue oxygenation, eye health, and activates other B vitamins such as B6 and B3.
Used in fatigue, migraines, oxidative stress, eye strain, and nervous system support. Helps maintain mucous membranes, skin health, and red blood cell production. Commonly paired with B-complex supplementation.
Recognised as essential in early nutritional science for preventing ariboflavinosis (cracks in lips, mouth sores, eye inflammation).
Supplied as standalone tablets, part of B-complex, or multivitamin blends. Often included in energy or mitochondrial support formulas.
None known. High doses may cause bright yellow urine but are non-toxic.
Long-term use of tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, and alcohol may interfere with riboflavin absorption or increase need.
