Lectins and viscotoxins stimulate immune cell activity (macrophages, NK cells), induce apoptosis in abnormal cells, and modulate inflammatory cytokine release. Also exerts mild hypotensive and calming effects.
Used in integrative oncology (especially breast, ovarian, and lung cancers), hypertension, mild epilepsy, anxiety, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Historically revered by Druids and European herbalists for treating epilepsy, hypertension, and as a sacred plant of regeneration and protection.
Injectable extracts standardised for lectin content (clinical oncology use), cold infusions of leaf for hypertension and nerve conditions. Oral ingestion of berries is NOT recommended due to toxicity.
Avoid unsupervised use in pregnancy, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular instability. Not suitable for oral use of berries.
May potentiate effects of immunotherapy or immune-suppressive therapies. Close monitoring needed if combined.
