Tannins and flavonoids act as astringents, reducing inflammation and tightening tissues. Silica supports connective tissue and mucosal healing. Flavonoids contribute antioxidant and mild diuretic effects.
Used for mild diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, urinary tract irritation, bedwetting, haematuria, and convalescence from GI tract inflammation. Sometimes included in formulations for respiratory congestion due to mucosal tightening.
Used in traditional European medicine for treating diarrhoea, wounds, bleeding, and kidney gravel. Also fed to birds and livestock as a mineral-rich tonic.
Typically prepared as tea or tincture. Can also be used in poultices for skin wounds and inflammation.
Not for use in severe constipation or dry conditions due to its astringency. Avoid if iron absorption is a concern.
May interfere with iron or mineral absorption; separate by 2 hours.
