Tannins tighten and tone tissues, reduce inflammation, and help protect irritated mucous membranes. Flavonoids provide antioxidant support and contribute to its anti-inflammatory and hepatic activity.
Used for sore throats, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, mouth ulcers, liver support, and urinary tract inflammation. Also applied externally for wounds and skin conditions.
Historically used in European folk medicine for digestive complaints, jaundice, bleeding gums, and as a wound healer. Also used to support urinary continence in children and the elderly.
Commonly prepared as a tea, tincture, gargle, or compress.
Avoid in cases of constipation due to strong astringency. Use caution with iron absorption (tannins may inhibit uptake).
May reduce absorption of medications if taken too close together. Space out dosing.
