Menthol acts on cold-sensitive TRPM8 receptors providing a cooling sensation, while volatile oils relax smooth muscles in the digestive and respiratory tracts. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents help modulate immune responses.
Used for indigestion, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), bloating, nausea, tension headaches, colds, sinus congestion, and mild anxiety. Peppermint oil is widely validated for gastrointestinal conditions.
Used for centuries in teas, poultices, and inhalations to cool fevers, soothe digestion, relieve gas, and open respiratory passages
Tea (infusion), essential oil (diluted for topical or inhalation use), capsules (especially for IBS).
Avoid strong peppermint use in cases of severe GERD (may relax lower oesophageal sphincter). Essential oil should not be used undiluted or near infants' faces.
May reduce absorption of iron when taken together; space out doses.
